Cumplir Conjugation | How to Conjugate Cumplir in Spanish

Cumplir means “to fulfill” or “to carry out,” and it also appears in age expressions for turning a stated age. You will learn its regular -IR forms and its common object and prepositional constructions.

Cumplir conjugation at a glance

Verb type: Regular IR. Linguistically, this is a regular -IR verb: the stem cumpl- remains stable, the gerund cumpliendo — “fulfilling” — and participle cumplido — “fulfilled” — are regular, and the finite endings follow the expected -IR patterns.

Cumplir gerund, past participle, and infinitive

The infinitive names the verb, the gerund supports progressive constructions, and the past participle combines with haber — “to have” as an auxiliary — in compound forms. With haber, the participle remains invariant for gender and number.

Form	Spanish	Natural English guide
Infinitive	cumplir	to fulfill, to carry out
Gerund	cumpliendo	fulfilling
Past participle	cumplido	fulfilled

Cumplir meaning and essential uses

Cumplir — “to fulfill / carry out” — can be used transitively for carrying out or satisfying something: Cumplo mi promesa. — “I keep my promise.”

With cumplir con — “to fulfill / comply with” — the preposition con — “with” — introduces an obligation, requirement, or commitment. In age expressions, cumplir años means “to turn a stated age.”

Cumplir regular conjugation pattern

Linguistically, this is a regular -IR verb: the stem cumpl- remains stable, the gerund cumpliendo — “fulfilling” — and participle cumplido — “fulfilled” — are regular, and the finite endings follow the expected -IR patterns.

There is no stem change, spelling alternation, irregular gerund, or irregular participle in the core paradigm. The forms use the stable stem described above plus the expected endings.

Cumplir indicative and periphrastic conjugations

Cumplir present tense conjugation

Present indicative (el presente de indicativo) — Use it for present actions, habits, facts, and current states. The explanation below follows this verb’s verified present-tense pattern. The stem cumpl- takes the regular -IR present endings.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	cumplo	I fulfill
Tú — you, singular informal	cumples	you fulfill
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	cumple	he / she fulfills; you fulfill (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	cumplimos	we fulfill
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	cumplís	you fulfill (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	cumplen	they fulfill; you fulfill (plural)

• Cumplo con mis responsabilidades cada día. — I fulfill my responsibilities every day.

Cumplir preterite conjugation

Preterite (el pretérito perfecto simple / pretérito indefinido) — Use it for completed or bounded past events. The table shows this verb’s verified preterite family. The regular -IR preterite endings are shown with an English guide for every person in the table.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	cumplí	I fulfilled
Tú — you, singular informal	cumpliste	you fulfilled
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	cumplió	he / she fulfilled; you fulfilled (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	cumplimos	we fulfilled
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	cumplisteis	you fulfilled (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	cumplieron	they fulfilled; you fulfilled (plural)

• Ayer cumplimos todos los requisitos. — Yesterday we met all the requirements.

Cumplir imperfect conjugation

Imperfect (el pretérito imperfecto) — Use it for past habits, background descriptions, and situations viewed as ongoing. The table shows the verified imperfect forms.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	cumplía	I used to fulfill / was fulfilling
Tú — you, singular informal	cumplías	you used to fulfill / were fulfilling
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	cumplía	he / she used to fulfill / was fulfilling; you used to fulfill / were fulfilling (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	cumplíamos	we used to fulfill / were fulfilling
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	cumplíais	you used to fulfill / were fulfilling (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	cumplían	they used to fulfill / were fulfilling; you used to fulfill / were fulfilling (plural)

• De joven cumplía siempre su palabra. — When he was young, he always kept his word.

Cumplir present progressive

Present progressive — This verbal periphrasis focuses on an action or process in progress. Form it with a present form of estar — “to be” — plus the verified gerund.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	estoy cumpliendo	I am fulfilling
Tú — you, singular informal	estás cumpliendo	you are fulfilling
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	está cumpliendo	he / she is fulfilling; you are fulfilling (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	estamos cumpliendo	we are fulfilling
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	estáis cumpliendo	you are fulfilling (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	están cumpliendo	they are fulfilling; you are fulfilling (plural)

• Estamos cumpliendo el plan previsto. — We are carrying out the planned schedule.

Cumplir near future conjugation

Near future — This verbal periphrasis expresses a plan, intention, or expected event. Form it with a present form of ir — “to go” — plus a — “to” — and the infinitive.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	voy a cumplir	I am going to fulfill
Tú — you, singular informal	vas a cumplir	you are going to fulfill
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	va a cumplir	he / she is going to fulfill; you are going to fulfill (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	vamos a cumplir	we are going to fulfill
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	vais a cumplir	you are going to fulfill (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	van a cumplir	they are going to fulfill; you are going to fulfill (plural)

• Voy a cumplir la promesa esta semana. — I am going to keep the promise this week.

Cumplir future tense conjugation

Simple future (el futuro simple) — Use it for future reference and, where context supports it, probability. The table shows the verified future forms. The future endings attach to the full infinitive.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	cumpliré	I will fulfill
Tú — you, singular informal	cumplirás	you will fulfill
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	cumplirá	he / she will fulfill; you will fulfill (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	cumpliremos	we will fulfill
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	cumpliréis	you will fulfill (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	cumplirán	they will fulfill; you will fulfill (plural)

• Cumplirán el acuerdo antes del viernes. — They will fulfill the agreement before Friday.

Cumplir conditional conjugation

Conditional (el condicional simple) — Use it for hypothetical outcomes, softened statements, or other conditional meanings supported by context. The conditional endings attach to the full infinitive.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	cumpliría	I would fulfill
Tú — you, singular informal	cumplirías	you would fulfill
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	cumpliría	he / she would fulfill; you would fulfill (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	cumpliríamos	we would fulfill
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	cumpliríais	you would fulfill (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	cumplirían	they would fulfill; you would fulfill (plural)

• Cumpliría la condición si fuera posible. — I would meet the condition if it were possible.

Cumplir present perfect conjugation

Present perfect (el pretérito perfecto compuesto) — Form it with present haber — “to have” as an auxiliary — plus the past participle. Distribution of the present perfect varies across Spanish-speaking regions. The participle is cumplido — “fulfilled.”

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	he cumplido	I have fulfilled
Tú — you, singular informal	has cumplido	you have fulfilled
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	ha cumplido	he / she has fulfilled; you have fulfilled (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	hemos cumplido	we have fulfilled
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	habéis cumplido	you have fulfilled (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	han cumplido	they have fulfilled; you have fulfilled (plural)

• He cumplido mis obligaciones. — I have fulfilled my obligations.

Cumplir past perfect conjugation

Past perfect (el pretérito pluscuamperfecto) — Use it for an event completed before another past reference point. Form it with imperfect haber plus the invariant past participle. The participle is cumplido — “fulfilled.”

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	había cumplido	I had fulfilled
Tú — you, singular informal	habías cumplido	you had fulfilled
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	había cumplido	he / she had fulfilled; you had fulfilled (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	habíamos cumplido	we had fulfilled
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	habíais cumplido	you had fulfilled (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	habían cumplido	they had fulfilled; you had fulfilled (plural)

• Habíamos cumplido el objetivo antes del plazo. — We had met the goal before the deadline.

Cumplir future perfect conjugation

Future perfect (el futuro perfecto) — Use it for an event expected to be completed before a future reference point. Form it with future haber plus the invariant past participle. The participle is cumplido — “fulfilled.”

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	habré cumplido	I will have fulfilled
Tú — you, singular informal	habrás cumplido	you will have fulfilled
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	habrá cumplido	he / she will have fulfilled; you will have fulfilled (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	habremos cumplido	we will have fulfilled
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	habréis cumplido	you will have fulfilled (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	habrán cumplido	they will have fulfilled; you will have fulfilled (plural)

• Para junio habrán cumplido un año en el proyecto. — By June they will have completed a year on the project.

Cumplir conditional perfect conjugation

Conditional perfect (el condicional compuesto) — Use it for a hypothetical completed outcome. Form it with conditional haber plus the invariant past participle. The participle is cumplido — “fulfilled.”

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	habría cumplido	I would have fulfilled
Tú — you, singular informal	habrías cumplido	you would have fulfilled
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	habría cumplido	he / she would have fulfilled; you would have fulfilled (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	habríamos cumplido	we would have fulfilled
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	habríais cumplido	you would have fulfilled (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	habrían cumplido	they would have fulfilled; you would have fulfilled (plural)

• Habríamos cumplido el plazo con más recursos. — We would have met the deadline with more resources.

Cumplir subjunctive conjugations

Cumplir present subjunctive conjugation

Present subjunctive (el presente de subjuntivo) — Use it in subordinate contexts involving wishes, influence, emotion, doubt or denial, evaluation, necessity, possibility, or non-specific reference. The table shows this verb’s verified present-subjunctive family. The present subjunctive uses cumpl- plus the regular -IR subjunctive endings.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	cumpla	that I fulfill
Tú — you, singular informal	cumplas	that you fulfill
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	cumpla	that he / she fulfill; that you fulfill (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	cumplamos	that we fulfill
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	cumpláis	that you fulfill (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	cumplan	that they fulfill; that you fulfill (plural)

• Es esencial que cumplas las condiciones. — It is essential that you meet the conditions.

Cumplir imperfect subjunctive conjugation

Imperfect subjunctive (el imperfecto de subjuntivo) — The main table uses the -ra series. The accepted -se series is also valid in many contexts and is demonstrated after the table; the two series should not be treated as mechanically interchangeable in every special construction.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	cumpliera	that I fulfilled
Tú — you, singular informal	cumplieras	that you fulfilled
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	cumpliera	that he / she fulfilled; that you fulfilled (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	cumpliéramos	that we fulfilled
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	cumplierais	that you fulfilled (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	cumplieran	that they fulfilled; that you fulfilled (plural)

• Esperaban que cumpliéramos nuestra parte. — They expected us to fulfill our part.
• Preferían que cumplieses el acuerdo. — They preferred that you fulfill the agreement.

Cumplir future subjunctive conjugation

Future subjunctive (el futuro de subjuntivo) — Rare in modern everyday Spanish. It survives mainly in formal, legal, proverbial, literary, or historical contexts and is included here as a reference system.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	cumpliere	if / when I should fulfill
Tú — you, singular informal	cumplieres	if / when you should fulfill
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	cumpliere	if / when he / she should fulfill; if / when you should fulfill (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	cumpliéremos	if / when we should fulfill
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	cumpliereis	if / when you should fulfill (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	cumplieren	if / when they should fulfill; if / when you should fulfill (plural)

• Quien cumpliere los requisitos podrá presentar la solicitud. — Whoever should meet the requirements may submit the application.

Cumplir present perfect subjunctive conjugation

Present perfect subjunctive (el pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo) — Use it when a completed event appears inside a present- or future-oriented subjunctive environment. Form it with present-subjunctive haber plus the invariant past participle.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	haya cumplido	that I have fulfilled
Tú — you, singular informal	hayas cumplido	that you have fulfilled
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	haya cumplido	that he / she has fulfilled; that you have fulfilled (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	hayamos cumplido	that we have fulfilled
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	hayáis cumplido	that you have fulfilled (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	hayan cumplido	that they have fulfilled; that you have fulfilled (plural)

• Me alegra que hayas cumplido tu promesa. — I am glad that you have kept your promise.

Cumplir past perfect subjunctive conjugation

Past perfect subjunctive (el pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo) — The main table uses hubiera; hubiese is an accepted auxiliary alternative in many contexts and is demonstrated after the table. The past participle remains invariant.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	hubiera cumplido	that I had fulfilled
Tú — you, singular informal	hubieras cumplido	that you had fulfilled
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	hubiera cumplido	that he / she had fulfilled; that you had fulfilled (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	hubiéramos cumplido	that we had fulfilled
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	hubierais cumplido	that you had fulfilled (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	hubieran cumplido	that they had fulfilled; that you had fulfilled (plural)

• Si hubiéramos cumplido antes, no habría retraso. — If we had fulfilled it earlier, there would be no delay.
• Si hubieses cumplido tu parte, todo habría sido más fácil. — If you had fulfilled your part, everything would have been easier.

Cumplir future perfect subjunctive conjugation

Future perfect subjunctive (el futuro perfecto de subjuntivo) — Rare in modern everyday Spanish. It is a reference form used mainly in formal, legal, literary, or historical contexts. Form it with future-subjunctive haber plus the invariant past participle.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	hubiere cumplido	if / when I should have fulfilled
Tú — you, singular informal	hubieres cumplido	if / when you should have fulfilled
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	hubiere cumplido	if / when he / she should have fulfilled; if / when you should have fulfilled (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	hubiéremos cumplido	if / when we should have fulfilled
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	hubiereis cumplido	if / when you should have fulfilled (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	hubieren cumplido	if / when they should have fulfilled; if / when you should have fulfilled (plural)

• Si hubieren cumplido las condiciones, se concederá la autorización. — If they should have met the conditions, authorization will be granted.

Cumplir imperative and commands

Commands address another person directly. Spanish uses different morphological sources depending on person and polarity; the nosotros/nosotras row is a present-subjunctive form used with exhortative “let’s…” value.

Cumplir affirmative commands

Use affirmative commands for direct instructions when the target verb supports that function naturally. The table includes the five core addressee or exhortative rows.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Tú — you, singular informal	cumple	fulfill
Usted — you, singular formal	cumpla	fulfill (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we; let’s…	cumplamos	let’s fulfill
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	cumplid	fulfill (plural, mainly Spain)
Ustedes — you, plural	cumplan	fulfill (plural)

• Cumple tu promesa. — Keep your promise.

Cumplir negative commands

Negative commands use subjunctive-based forms. The particle no — “not / do not” — comes before the command form.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Tú — you, singular informal	no cumplas	do not fulfill
Usted — you, singular formal	no cumpla	do not fulfill (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we; let’s…	no cumplamos	let’s not fulfill
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	no cumpláis	do not fulfill (plural, mainly Spain)
Ustedes — you, plural	no cumplan	do not fulfill (plural)

• No cumplas esa orden injusta. — Do not carry out that unjust order.

Common constructions with Cumplir

These target-verb patterns show sentence frames that materially affect how the verb is used.

• cumplir una promesa. — to keep / fulfill a promise.
• cumplir con una obligación. — to fulfill an obligation.
• cumplir años. — to turn a stated age.

Example sentences with Cumplir

These examples reinforce the target verb across useful forms and contexts already explained in the lesson.

• Cumplo treinta años en noviembre. — I turn thirty in November.
• Ella cumplió su promesa. — She kept her promise.
• Estamos cumpliendo con el contrato. — We are complying with the contract.
• Espero que cumplas tus objetivos. — I hope you meet your goals.
• Ya hemos cumplido todos los requisitos. — We have already met all the requirements.
• Cumple con tu parte del acuerdo. — Fulfill your part of the agreement.

Regional and usage notes for Cumplir

The core tables retain tú, usted, vosotros/vosotras, and ustedes for project comparability. In regions using voseo, present-indicative and affirmative-command forms can differ from the core tú forms. The verified forms below are regional additions, not replacements for the main paradigm.

• Vos cumplís con tu palabra. — You keep your word. (voseo)
• Cumplí lo prometido. — Fulfill what you promised. (affirmative vos command)

This verb is structurally predictable: keep the stable cumpl- stem in mind, then choose the tense or mood that matches the time and function. Pay special attention to whether the sentence needs a direct object, a con — “with” — complement, or an age expression.