Empujar Conjugation | How to Conjugate Empujar in Spanish

Empujar means “to push,” “to shove,” or figuratively “to drive/urge.” You will learn its fully regular -AR conjugation and its physical, directional, causal, and motivational patterns.

Empujar conjugation at a glance

Verb type: Regular AR. RAE gives empujo, empujas / empujás, empuja, empujamos, empujáis, empujan, with regular gerund empujando and participle empujado.

Empujar gerund, past participle, and infinitive

The infinitive names the verb, the gerund supports progressive constructions, and the past participle combines with haber in compound forms. The participle empujado remains invariant in those compounds.

Form	Spanish	Natural English guide
Infinitive	empujar	to push / shove
Gerund	empujando	pushing / shoving
Past participle	empujado	pushed / shoved

Empujar meaning and essential uses

RAE’s core sense is applying force so that someone or something moves: Empujo la puerta. — “I push the door.” The verb is commonly transitive.

It also has figurative causal uses: circumstances, emotions, or people can push someone toward an action or decision, often in the pattern empujar a alguien a + infinitive.

Empujar regular conjugation pattern

The stem empuj- remains unchanged throughout the core paradigm. Forms such as empujo, empujé, and empuje take ordinary -AR endings.

There is no stem change or irregular tense stem. The letter j remains j before e in forms such as empuje / empujemos.

Empujar indicative and periphrastic conjugations

Empujar present tense conjugation

Present indicative (el presente de indicativo) — Use it for current situations, habits, facts, and contextually near-future reference. The table uses the verified paradigm.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	empujo	I push / shove
Tú — you, singular informal	empujas	you push / shove
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	empuja	he / she pushes / shoves; you push / shove (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	empujamos	we push / shove
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	empujáis	you push / shove (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	empujan	they push / shove; you push / shove (plural)

• Empujo la puerta para abrirla. — I push the door to open it.

Empujar preterite conjugation

Preterite (el pretérito perfecto simple / pretérito indefinido) — Use it for completed or bounded past events. The table uses the verified paradigm.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	empujé	I pushed / shoved
Tú — you, singular informal	empujaste	you pushed / shoved
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	empujó	he / she pushed / shoved; you pushed / shoved (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	empujamos	we pushed / shoved
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	empujasteis	you pushed / shoved (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	empujaron	they pushed / shoved; you pushed / shoved (plural)

• Ayer empujé el coche unos metros. — Yesterday I pushed the car a few meters.

Empujar imperfect conjugation

Imperfect (el pretérito imperfecto) — Use it for habitual, descriptive, background, or ongoing past situations. Form it with the appropriate form of haber plus invariant empujado.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	empujaba	I used to push / shove / was pushing / shoving
Tú — you, singular informal	empujabas	you used to push / shove / were pushing / shoving
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	empujaba	he / she used to push / shove / was pushing / shoving; you used to push / shove / were pushing / shoving (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	empujábamos	we used to push / shove / were pushing / shoving
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	empujabais	you used to push / shove / were pushing / shoving (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	empujaban	they used to push / shove / were pushing / shoving; you used to push / shove / were pushing / shoving (plural)

• Antes empujábamos ese carrito a mano. — We used to push that cart by hand.

Empujar present progressive

Present progressive — This verbal periphrasis focuses on an action or process in progress. Form it with present estar plus empujando.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	estoy empujando	I am pushing / shoving
Tú — you, singular informal	estás empujando	you are pushing / shoving
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	está empujando	he / she is pushing / shoving; you are pushing / shoving (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	estamos empujando	we are pushing / shoving
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	estáis empujando	you are pushing / shoving (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	están empujando	they are pushing / shoving; you are pushing / shoving (plural)

• Estoy empujando la caja hacia la pared. — I am pushing the box toward the wall.

Empujar near future conjugation

Near future — This verbal periphrasis expresses an intention, plan, or expected event. Form it with present ir + a + empujar.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	voy a empujar	I am going to push / shove
Tú — you, singular informal	vas a empujar	you are going to push / shove
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	va a empujar	he / she is going to push / shove; you are going to push / shove (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	vamos a empujar	we are going to push / shove
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	vais a empujar	you are going to push / shove (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	van a empujar	they are going to push / shove; you are going to push / shove (plural)

• Voy a empujar la mesa un poco. — I am going to push the table a little.

Empujar future tense conjugation

Simple future (el futuro simple) — Use it for future reference and, where useful, probability. The table uses the verified paradigm.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	empujaré	I will push / shove
Tú — you, singular informal	empujarás	you will push / shove
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	empujará	he / she will push / shove; you will push / shove (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	empujaremos	we will push / shove
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	empujaréis	you will push / shove (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	empujarán	they will push / shove; you will push / shove (plural)

• Empujaremos el coche hasta el taller. — We will push the car to the workshop.

Empujar conditional conjugation

Conditional (el condicional simple) — Use it for hypothetical outcomes, softened statements, or related conditional meanings. The table uses the verified paradigm.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	empujaría	I would push / shove
Tú — you, singular informal	empujarías	you would push / shove
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	empujaría	he / she would push / shove; you would push / shove (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	empujaríamos	we would push / shove
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	empujaríais	you would push / shove (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	empujarían	they would push / shove; you would push / shove (plural)

• Empujaría la puerta con más cuidado. — I would push the door more carefully.

Empujar present perfect conjugation

Present perfect (el pretérito perfecto compuesto) — Use it for completed events connected to a present reference frame; regional distribution varies. Form it with the appropriate form of haber plus invariant empujado.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	he empujado	I have pushed / shoved
Tú — you, singular informal	has empujado	you have pushed / shoved
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	ha empujado	he / she has pushed / shoved; you have pushed / shoved (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	hemos empujado	we have pushed / shoved
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	habéis empujado	you have pushed / shoved (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	han empujado	they have pushed / shoved; you have pushed / shoved (plural)

• He empujado la caja demasiado lejos. — I have pushed the box too far.

Empujar past perfect conjugation

Past perfect (el pretérito pluscuamperfecto) — Use it for an event completed before another past reference point. Form it with the appropriate form of haber plus invariant empujado.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	había empujado	I had pushed / shoved
Tú — you, singular informal	habías empujado	you had pushed / shoved
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	había empujado	he / she had pushed / shoved; you had pushed / shoved (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	habíamos empujado	we had pushed / shoved
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	habíais empujado	you had pushed / shoved (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	habían empujado	they had pushed / shoved; you had pushed / shoved (plural)

• Ya habíamos empujado el coche fuera de la carretera. — We had already pushed the car off the road.

Empujar future perfect conjugation

Future perfect (el futuro perfecto) — Use it for an event expected to be completed before a future reference point. Form it with the appropriate form of haber plus invariant empujado.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	habré empujado	I will have pushed / shoved
Tú — you, singular informal	habrás empujado	you will have pushed / shoved
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	habrá empujado	he / she will have pushed / shoved; you will have pushed / shoved (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	habremos empujado	we will have pushed / shoved
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	habréis empujado	you will have pushed / shoved (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	habrán empujado	they will have pushed / shoved; you will have pushed / shoved (plural)

• Para entonces habrán empujado todas las cajas al almacén. — By then they will have pushed all the boxes into storage.

Empujar conditional perfect conjugation

Conditional perfect (el condicional compuesto) — Use it for a hypothetical completed outcome. Form it with the appropriate form of haber plus invariant empujado.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	habría empujado	I would have pushed / shoved
Tú — you, singular informal	habrías empujado	you would have pushed / shoved
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	habría empujado	he / she would have pushed / shoved; you would have pushed / shoved (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	habríamos empujado	we would have pushed / shoved
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	habríais empujado	you would have pushed / shoved (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	habrían empujado	they would have pushed / shoved; you would have pushed / shoved (plural)

• Habría empujado la mesa hacia la ventana. — I would have pushed the table toward the window.

Empujar subjunctive conjugations

Empujar present subjunctive conjugation

Present subjunctive (el presente de subjuntivo) — Use it in subordinate environments involving wishes, influence, emotion, doubt or denial, evaluation, necessity, possibility, or non-specific reference. The table uses the verified paradigm.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	empuje	that I push / shove
Tú — you, singular informal	empujes	that you push / shove
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	empuje	that he / she push / shove; that you push / shove (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	empujemos	that we push / shove
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	empujéis	that you push / shove (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	empujen	that they push / shove; that you push / shove (plural)

• Quiero que empujes la puerta. — I want you to push the door.

Empujar imperfect subjunctive conjugation

Imperfect subjunctive (el imperfecto de subjuntivo) — The main table uses the -ra series. The accepted -se series is also valid in many contexts and is demonstrated after the table. Form it with the appropriate form of haber plus invariant empujado.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	empujara	that I pushed / shoved
Tú — you, singular informal	empujaras	that you pushed / shoved
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	empujara	that he / she pushed / shoved; that you pushed / shoved (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	empujáramos	that we pushed / shoved
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	empujarais	that you pushed / shoved (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	empujaran	that they pushed / shoved; that you pushed / shoved (plural)

• Preferían que empujáramos el coche juntos. — They preferred that we push the car together.
• Era mejor que empujases la caja desde abajo. — It was better for you to push the box from below.

Empujar future subjunctive conjugation

Future subjunctive (el futuro de subjuntivo) — Rare in modern everyday Spanish. It survives mainly in formal, legal, proverbial, literary, or historical contexts. These rare reference forms belong mainly to formal, legal, proverbial, literary, or historical registers.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	empujare	if / when I should push / shove
Tú — you, singular informal	empujares	if / when you should push / shove
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	empujare	if / when he / she should push / shove; if / when you should push / shove (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	empujáremos	if / when we should push / shove
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	empujareis	if / when you should push / shove (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	empujaren	if / when they should push / shove; if / when you should push / shove (plural)

• Quien empujare una carga pesada deberá usar el equipo adecuado. — Whoever should push a heavy load must use the proper equipment.

Empujar present perfect subjunctive conjugation

Present perfect subjunctive (el pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo) — Use it when a completed event appears inside a present- or future-oriented subjunctive environment. Form it with the appropriate form of haber plus invariant empujado.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	haya empujado	that I have pushed / shoved
Tú — you, singular informal	hayas empujado	that you have pushed / shoved
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	haya empujado	that he / she has pushed / shoved; that you have pushed / shoved (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	hayamos empujado	that we have pushed / shoved
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	hayáis empujado	that you have pushed / shoved (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	hayan empujado	that they have pushed / shoved; that you have pushed / shoved (plural)

• Me alegra que hayas empujado el coche fuera del paso. — I am glad that you pushed the car out of the way.

Empujar past perfect subjunctive conjugation

Past perfect subjunctive (el pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo) — The main table uses hubiera; hubiese is an accepted auxiliary alternative in many contexts and is demonstrated after the table. Form it with the appropriate form of haber plus invariant empujado.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	hubiera empujado	that I had pushed / shoved
Tú — you, singular informal	hubieras empujado	that you had pushed / shoved
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	hubiera empujado	that he / she had pushed / shoved; that you had pushed / shoved (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	hubiéramos empujado	that we had pushed / shoved
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	hubierais empujado	that you had pushed / shoved (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	hubieran empujado	that they had pushed / shoved; that you had pushed / shoved (plural)

• Si hubiera empujado más fuerte, la puerta se habría abierto. — If I had pushed harder, the door would have opened.
• Si hubieses empujado la mesa con cuidado, no se habría rayado. — If you had pushed the table carefully, it would not have been scratched.

Empujar future perfect subjunctive conjugation

Future perfect subjunctive (el futuro perfecto de subjuntivo) — Rare in modern everyday Spanish. Treat it as a formal or historical reference form, not an everyday conversational target. Form it with the appropriate form of haber plus invariant empujado.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	hubiere empujado	if / when I should have pushed / shoved
Tú — you, singular informal	hubieres empujado	if / when you should have pushed / shoved
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	hubiere empujado	if / when he / she should have pushed / shoved; if / when you should have pushed / shoved (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	hubiéremos empujado	if / when we should have pushed / shoved
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	hubiereis empujado	if / when you should have pushed / shoved (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	hubieren empujado	if / when they should have pushed / shoved; if / when you should have pushed / shoved (plural)

• Si hubieren empujado materiales adicionales, deberán colocarlos correctamente. — If they should have pushed additional materials, they must place them correctly.

Empujar imperative and commands

Commands address another person directly. The nosotros/nosotras row is a present-subjunctive form used with exhortative “let’s…” value.

Empujar affirmative commands

Use the verified affirmative command forms for direct instructions when the target meaning supports them naturally.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Tú — you, singular informal	empuja	push
Usted — you, singular formal	empuje	push (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we; let’s…	empujemos	let’s push
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	empujad	push (plural, mainly Spain)
Ustedes — you, plural	empujen	push (plural)

• Empuja la puerta suavemente. — Push the door gently.

Empujar negative commands

Negative commands use subjunctive-based forms, with no before the verb.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Tú — you, singular informal	no empujes	do not push
Usted — you, singular formal	no empuje	do not push (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we; let’s…	no empujemos	let’s not push
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	no empujéis	do not push (plural, mainly Spain)
Ustedes — you, plural	no empujen	do not push (plural)

• No empujes a otras personas. — Do not push other people.

Common constructions with Empujar

These patterns show sentence frames that materially affect how the target verb is used.

• empujar algo / a alguien. — to push something / someone.
• empujar hacia + direction / place. — to push toward a direction or place.
• empujar a alguien a + infinitive. — to push / drive / urge someone to do something.

Example sentences with Empujar

These examples reinforce useful forms and contexts already taught in the lesson.

• No empujes la puerta; tira de ella. — Do not push the door; pull it.
• La multitud empujó hacia la salida. — The crowd pushed toward the exit.
• La situación lo empujó a cambiar de trabajo. — The situation pushed him to change jobs.
• Espero que empujes la caja con cuidado. — I hope you push the box carefully.
• Ya han empujado el coche a un lado. — They have already pushed the car to one side.
• Empuja desde aquí. — Push from here.

Regional and usage notes for Empujar

The core tables retain tú, usted, vosotros/vosotras, and ustedes. Voseo changes some second-person singular forms where vos is used.

• Vos empujás la puerta demasiado fuerte. — You push the door too hard. (voseo)
• Empujá la caja hacia aquí. — Push the box this way. (affirmative vos command)

Empujar is fully regular. The main learner distinction is semantic: it can describe literal physical force or figurative pressure that drives someone toward an action, decision, or result.