Firmar Conjugation | How to Conjugate Firmar in Spanish

Firmar means “to sign.” You will learn its fully regular -AR conjugation, gerund firmando, participle firmado, compound tenses, subjunctive families, commands, and the common patterns for signing documents.

Firmar conjugation at a glance

Verb type: Regular AR. Firmar keeps the stable stem firm- and takes normal -AR endings. Its gerund firmando — “signing” — and participle firmado — “signed” — are regular.

Firmar gerund, past participle, and infinitive

The infinitive names the verb, the gerund supports progressive constructions, and the past participle combines with haber — “to have” as an auxiliary — in compound forms. The participle firmado remains invariant in those compounds.

Form	Spanish	Natural English guide
Infinitive	firmar	to sign
Gerund	firmando	signing
Past participle	firmado	signed

Firmar meaning and essential uses

Firmar — “to sign” — is commonly transitive: Firmo el contrato. — “I sign the contract.” The direct object is the document, form, agreement, or other item that receives the signature.

It can also be used without an expressed object when the context makes the document clear: Firme aquí, por favor. — “Sign here, please.”

Firmar regular conjugation pattern

The stem firm- remains unchanged across all core tense families. Forms such as firmo — “I sign,” firmé — “I signed,” and firme — “that I sign” — use ordinary -AR endings.

There is no stem change, spelling alternation, irregular preterite stem, irregular future stem, irregular gerund, or irregular participle.

Firmar indicative and periphrastic conjugations

Firmar present tense conjugation

Present indicative (el presente de indicativo) — Use it for current situations, habits, facts, and contextually near-future reference. The table uses the verified present paradigm.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	firmo	I sign
Tú — you, singular informal	firmas	you sign
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	firma	he / she signs; you sign (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	firmamos	we sign
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	firmáis	you sign (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	firman	they sign; you sign (plural)

• Firmo el documento al final. — I sign the document at the end.

Firmar preterite conjugation

Preterite (el pretérito perfecto simple / pretérito indefinido) — Use it for completed or bounded past events. The table uses the verified regular preterite family.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	firmé	I signed
Tú — you, singular informal	firmaste	you signed
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	firmó	he / she signed; you signed (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	firmamos	we signed
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	firmasteis	you signed (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	firmaron	they signed; you signed (plural)

• Ayer firmé el contrato. — Yesterday I signed the contract.

Firmar imperfect conjugation

Imperfect (el pretérito imperfecto) — Use it for habitual, descriptive, background, or ongoing past situations. The table uses the regular imperfect family.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	firmaba	I used to sign / was signing
Tú — you, singular informal	firmabas	you used to sign / were signing
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	firmaba	he / she used to sign / was signing; you used to sign / were signing (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	firmábamos	we used to sign / were signing
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	firmabais	you used to sign / were signing (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	firmaban	they used to sign / were signing; you used to sign / were signing (plural)

• Antes firmaba todos los formularios a mano. — I used to sign all the forms by hand.

Firmar present progressive

Present progressive — This verbal periphrasis focuses on an action or process in progress. Form it with present estar — “to be” — plus firmando — “signing.”

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	estoy firmando	I am signing
Tú — you, singular informal	estás firmando	you are signing
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	está firmando	he / she is signing; you are signing (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	estamos firmando	we are signing
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	estáis firmando	you are signing (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	están firmando	they are signing; you are signing (plural)

• Estoy firmando los documentos ahora. — I am signing the documents now.

Firmar near future conjugation

Near future — This verbal periphrasis expresses an intention, plan, or expected event. Form it with present ir — “to go” — plus a — “to” — and firmar — “to sign.”

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	voy a firmar	I am going to sign
Tú — you, singular informal	vas a firmar	you are going to sign
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	va a firmar	he / she is going to sign; you are going to sign (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	vamos a firmar	we are going to sign
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	vais a firmar	you are going to sign (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	van a firmar	they are going to sign; you are going to sign (plural)

• Voy a firmar el acuerdo mañana. — I am going to sign the agreement tomorrow.

Firmar future tense conjugation

Simple future (el futuro simple) — Use it for future reference and, when useful, probability. The endings attach to the full infinitive; there is no separate irregular future or conditional stem.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	firmaré	I will sign
Tú — you, singular informal	firmarás	you will sign
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	firmará	he / she will sign; you will sign (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	firmaremos	we will sign
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	firmaréis	you will sign (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	firmarán	they will sign; you will sign (plural)

• Firmaremos el contrato la próxima semana. — We will sign the contract next week.

Firmar conditional conjugation

Conditional (el condicional simple) — Use it for hypothetical outcomes, softened statements, or related conditional meanings. The endings attach to the full infinitive; there is no separate irregular future or conditional stem.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	firmaría	I would sign
Tú — you, singular informal	firmarías	you would sign
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	firmaría	he / she would sign; you would sign (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	firmaríamos	we would sign
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	firmaríais	you would sign (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	firmarían	they would sign; you would sign (plural)

• Firmaría después de leer todas las condiciones. — I would sign after reading all the terms.

Firmar present perfect conjugation

Present perfect (el pretérito perfecto compuesto) — Use it for completed events connected to a present reference frame; regional distribution varies. Form it with the appropriate form of haber — “to have” as an auxiliary — plus the invariant participle firmado — “signed.”

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	he firmado	I have signed
Tú — you, singular informal	has firmado	you have signed
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	ha firmado	he / she has signed; you have signed (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	hemos firmado	we have signed
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	habéis firmado	you have signed (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	han firmado	they have signed; you have signed (plural)

• Ya he firmado la solicitud. — I have already signed the application.

Firmar past perfect conjugation

Past perfect (el pretérito pluscuamperfecto) — Use it for an event completed before another past reference point. Form it with the appropriate form of haber — “to have” as an auxiliary — plus the invariant participle firmado — “signed.”

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	había firmado	I had signed
Tú — you, singular informal	habías firmado	you had signed
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	había firmado	he / she had signed; you had signed (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	habíamos firmado	we had signed
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	habíais firmado	you had signed (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	habían firmado	they had signed; you had signed (plural)

• Habíamos firmado antes de recibir el correo. — We had signed before receiving the email.

Firmar future perfect conjugation

Future perfect (el futuro perfecto) — Use it for an event expected to be completed before a future reference point. Form it with the appropriate form of haber — “to have” as an auxiliary — plus the invariant participle firmado — “signed.”

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	habré firmado	I will have signed
Tú — you, singular informal	habrás firmado	you will have signed
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	habrá firmado	he / she will have signed; you will have signed (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	habremos firmado	we will have signed
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	habréis firmado	you will have signed (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	habrán firmado	they will have signed; you will have signed (plural)

• Para entonces habrán firmado todas las partes. — By then all parties will have signed.

Firmar conditional perfect conjugation

Conditional perfect (el condicional compuesto) — Use it for a hypothetical completed outcome. Form it with the appropriate form of haber — “to have” as an auxiliary — plus the invariant participle firmado — “signed.”

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	habría firmado	I would have signed
Tú — you, singular informal	habrías firmado	you would have signed
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	habría firmado	he / she would have signed; you would have signed (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	habríamos firmado	we would have signed
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	habríais firmado	you would have signed (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	habrían firmado	they would have signed; you would have signed (plural)

• Habría firmado el acuerdo con una cláusula diferente. — I would have signed the agreement with a different clause.

Firmar subjunctive conjugations

Firmar present subjunctive conjugation

Present subjunctive (el presente de subjuntivo) — Use it in subordinate environments involving wishes, influence, emotion, doubt or denial, evaluation, necessity, possibility, or non-specific reference. The table uses the regular present-subjunctive family.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	firme	that I sign
Tú — you, singular informal	firmes	that you sign
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	firme	that he / she sign; that you sign (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	firmemos	that we sign
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	firméis	that you sign (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	firmen	that they sign; that you sign (plural)

• Necesito que firmes aquí. — I need you to sign here.

Firmar imperfect subjunctive conjugation

Imperfect subjunctive (el imperfecto de subjuntivo) — The main table uses the -ra series. The accepted -se series is also valid in many contexts and is demonstrated after the table; do not assume unrestricted interchangeability in every special construction. Form it with the appropriate form of haber — “to have” as an auxiliary — plus the invariant participle firmado — “signed.”

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	firmara	that I signed
Tú — you, singular informal	firmaras	that you signed
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	firmara	that he / she signed; that you signed (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	firmáramos	that we signed
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	firmarais	that you signed (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	firmaran	that they signed; that you signed (plural)

• Preferían que firmáramos juntos. — They preferred that we sign together.
• Era importante que firmases cada página. — It was important that you sign each page.

Firmar future subjunctive conjugation

Future subjunctive (el futuro de subjuntivo) — Rare in modern everyday Spanish. It survives mainly in formal, legal, proverbial, literary, or historical contexts. These rare reference forms share the same historical family as the imperfect subjunctive.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	firmare	if / when I should sign
Tú — you, singular informal	firmares	if / when you should sign
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	firmare	if / when he / she should sign; if / when you should sign (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	firmáremos	if / when we should sign
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	firmareis	if / when you should sign (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	firmaren	if / when they should sign; if / when you should sign (plural)

• Quien firmare el contrato quedará sujeto a sus condiciones. — Whoever should sign the contract will be subject to its terms.

Firmar present perfect subjunctive conjugation

Present perfect subjunctive (el pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo) — Use it when a completed event appears inside a present- or future-oriented subjunctive environment. Form it with the appropriate form of haber — “to have” as an auxiliary — plus the invariant participle firmado — “signed.”

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	haya firmado	that I have signed
Tú — you, singular informal	hayas firmado	that you have signed
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	haya firmado	that he / she has signed; that you have signed (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	hayamos firmado	that we have signed
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	hayáis firmado	that you have signed (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	hayan firmado	that they have signed; that you have signed (plural)

• Me alegra que hayas firmado la autorización. — I am glad that you have signed the authorization.

Firmar past perfect subjunctive conjugation

Past perfect subjunctive (el pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo) — The main table uses hubiera; hubiese is an accepted auxiliary alternative in many contexts and is demonstrated after the table. Form it with the appropriate form of haber — “to have” as an auxiliary — plus the invariant participle firmado — “signed.”

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	hubiera firmado	that I had signed
Tú — you, singular informal	hubieras firmado	that you had signed
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	hubiera firmado	that he / she had signed; that you had signed (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	hubiéramos firmado	that we had signed
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	hubierais firmado	that you had signed (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	hubieran firmado	that they had signed; that you had signed (plural)

• Si hubiéramos firmado antes, el trámite ya estaría completo. — If we had signed earlier, the procedure would already be complete.
• Si hubieses firmado la copia, habría quedado registrada. — If you had signed the copy, it would have been recorded.

Firmar future perfect subjunctive conjugation

Future perfect subjunctive (el futuro perfecto de subjuntivo) — Rare in modern everyday Spanish. Treat it as a formal or historical reference form, not an everyday conversational target. Form it with the appropriate form of haber — “to have” as an auxiliary — plus the invariant participle firmado — “signed.”

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Yo — I	hubiere firmado	if / when I should have signed
Tú — you, singular informal	hubieres firmado	if / when you should have signed
Él / Ella / Usted — he / she / you, singular formal	hubiere firmado	if / when he / she should have signed; if / when you should have signed (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we	hubiéremos firmado	if / when we should have signed
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	hubiereis firmado	if / when you should have signed (plural)
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes — they / you, plural	hubieren firmado	if / when they should have signed; if / when you should have signed (plural)

• Si hubieren firmado todas las partes, el acuerdo entrará en vigor. — If all parties should have signed, the agreement will take effect.

Firmar imperative and commands

Commands address another person directly. Spanish uses different morphological sources by person and polarity; the nosotros/nosotras row is a present-subjunctive form used with exhortative “let’s…” value.

Firmar affirmative commands

Use affirmative commands for direct instructions when the target meaning supports them naturally. The table contains the five core addressee or exhortative rows.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Tú — you, singular informal	firma	sign
Usted — you, singular formal	firme	sign (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we; let’s…	firmemos	let’s sign
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	firmad	sign (plural, mainly Spain)
Ustedes — you, plural	firmen	sign (plural)

• Firma aquí, por favor. — Sign here, please.

Firmar negative commands

Negative commands use subjunctive-based forms, with no — “not / do not” — before the command form.

Pronoun and English meaning	Spanish	Natural English guide
Tú — you, singular informal	no firmes	do not sign
Usted — you, singular formal	no firme	do not sign (formal)
Nosotros / Nosotras — we; let’s…	no firmemos	let’s not sign
Vosotros / Vosotras — you, plural informal, mainly Spain	no firméis	do not sign (plural, mainly Spain)
Ustedes — you, plural	no firmen	do not sign (plural)

• No firmes sin leer el documento. — Do not sign without reading the document.

Common constructions with Firmar

These patterns show sentence frames that materially affect how the target verb is used.

• firmar un documento. — to sign a document.
• firmar un contrato o acuerdo. — to sign a contract or agreement.
• firmar con + name or signature. — to sign with a name or signature.

Example sentences with Firmar

These examples reinforce the target verb across useful forms and contexts already taught in the lesson.

• Necesito firmar este formulario. — I need to sign this form.
• Ella firmó al final de la página. — She signed at the bottom of the page.
• Ya hemos firmado el acuerdo. — We have already signed the agreement.
• Espero que firmes antes del viernes. — I hope you sign before Friday.
• Van a firmar el contrato mañana. — They are going to sign the contract tomorrow.
• Firma en la línea indicada. — Sign on the indicated line.

Regional and usage notes for Firmar

The core tables retain tú, usted, vosotros/vosotras, and ustedes for project comparability. Voseo changes some common second-person singular forms in regions where vos — “you, singular informal” — is used.

• Vos firmás el contrato hoy. — You sign the contract today. (voseo)
• Firmá en esta línea. — Sign on this line. (affirmative vos command)

Firmar is fully regular, so its morphology should not distract you from the practical pattern. Identify the document being signed, choose the tense or mood, and apply the standard -AR ending.